Full Node：An independent full node for verifying the blockchain
Learn about Full Node how it stores the ledger, checks transactions and blocks, and its role and operating costs in decentralized networks.
What is a Full Node
Full Node is a computer that stores the entire blockchain and independently verifies every transaction and block according to network rules. It does not rely on other participants to provide trusted conclusions, but checks the data itself, enabling the network to collectively enforce established rules without a central authority.
Verification process
The node first downloads and maintains a local copy of the ledger, then checks new transactions and blocks broadcast across the network. Checks include Digital signatures, references from blocks to the previous block's hash, and block rewards, difficulty, or other consensus requirements; data that does not comply with the rules is rejected.
Data retention methods
Some Full Node prune older historical data to reduce storage requirements while continuing to verify the current state;archive node retain the complete history from the genesis block. Both verify the chain in the same way; the main difference is the scope of the historical data they retain.
Role and operating requirements
Distributed Full Node each enforce network rules, helping resist historical tampering, double spending, censorship, and attacks. Users can also verify transactions themselves, gaining greater privacy and control, but they generally need sufficient disk space, bandwidth, and synchronization time.
Original Tutorial
https://www.binance.com/en/academy/glossary/full-node
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