An Introduction to Safe Hardware-Wallet Use
A hardware wallet reduces the risk of online attacks on private keys by storing them offline and signing transactions inside the device. Security still depends on the purchase channel, seed-phrase backup, device protection, transaction verification, and related practices.
How It Works
A hardware wallet is a physical device that stores private keys offline. A user first creates a transaction on a connected device, then has the hardware wallet sign it internally. The signed transaction returns to the software and is broadcast to the network. In principle, the private key never leaves the device, but users should still rely on the amount and address displayed on the hardware-wallet screen before confirming.
Setup and Backup
A user should purchase an intact device from the manufacturer or a reliable retailer, initialize it according to the instructions, create a new wallet, and set a PIN that is difficult to guess. A seed phrase generated by the device generally consists of 12 to 24 words. It should be copied accurately and stored in a secure offline location and must not be photographed, uploaded to the internet, or disclosed to another person.
Routine Security Practices
Install firmware updates from a trusted manufacturer promptly and connect only to a secure, trusted computer. Before sending assets, verify the receiving address, amount, and other information item by item on the hardware-wallet screen to guard against malware replacing an address in the clipboard. Store the device like cash or another valuable item when it is not in use.
Risks and Recovery
A hardware wallet can still be lost, stolen, damaged, altered in the supply chain, targeted by phishing, or affected by firmware vulnerabilities. If the device becomes unavailable, a correctly stored seed phrase can generally restore the wallet on a new device. If the phrase is lost and the device cannot be accessed, the assets may be permanently unrecoverable. An additional password may likewise be impossible to recover if forgotten.
Original Tutorial
https://www.binance.com/zh-CN/academy/articles/ten-tips-for-using-a-hardware-wallet-securely
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