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For information and learning only. Not investment advice. Crypto assets involve risk.

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Glossary

Terms25 shown

BEP-682A proposal that rejects duplicate validator counts in cross-chain signature verification, ensuring that the signature threshold is met by enough genuine validators.
BNB Chain Pasteur hard forkA network rule upgrade for BNB Smart Chain focused on improving cross-chain and validator-governance security while expanding block transaction capacity.
EigenLayerA project built on the Ethereum blockchain that uses restaking and validator mechanisms to provide security for multiple services.
Gas FeeAn on-chain transaction fee paid in BNB to compensate validators for processing and confirming transactions.
PoSAProof of Staked Authority is BSC's consensus mechanism; validators stake BNB to validate blocks and earn transaction fees.
Proof of StakeA consensus mechanism in which validators lock up tokens to help secure the network and validate blocks.
Proof of Stake (PoS)A consensus mechanism that grants block validation rewards according to the number of tokens staked by a validator.
ValidatorParticipants who verify whether transactions and blocks are valid under blockchain network rules; in PoS, this usually refers to a formal role responsible for proposing or confirming blocks through staking.
ValidiumA type of rollup that processes transactions off-chain, relies on a network of proof-of-stake validators, and submits data to Layer 1.
deterministic finalityA form of finality in which protocol rules provide no path to reverse a transaction after a specified set of validators has signed it.
proof of stakeA blockchain mechanism that uses staking and slashing to align validator incentives and make dishonest behavior less attractive.
proof-of-stakeA mechanism in which validators lock tokens to help secure the network and receive newly issued tokens as staking rewards.
proof-of-stake (PoS)A mechanism that usually combines randomness with stake size to select validators to propose or confirm blocks without relying on competition in computing power.
stakingThe practice of depositing a network's native tokens as collateral to qualify as a PoS validator and create an economic incentive for honest performance.
Priority FeeAn optional extra tip paid to validators to increase the chance that a transaction is processed sooner.
Beacon ChainEthereum's proof-of-stake consensus layer, which coordinates validators who stake assets and helps secure the network.
Double SigningThe act of a validator signing two different blocks at the same block height, which can cause a fork and create double-spending risks.
SlashableDescribes validator behavior that a network considers grounds for a slashing penalty.
Proof of Staked Authority (PoSA)A consensus mechanism that combines proof of stake and proof of authority, requiring validators to hold or stake tokens and maintain a trusted reputation.
Proof of Authority (PoA)A consensus model that preselects validators based on reputation, where a trusted reputation rather than staked assets is the key requirement for becoming a validator.
Proof of Stake (PoS)A consensus mechanism that selects validators mainly according to the amount of cryptocurrency staked by participants.
Proof of Stake (PoS)A consensus mechanism in which validators stake assets in a network to participate in creating new blocks.
Fraud ProofCryptographic evidence submitted by a validator to challenge a transaction's validity or identify an incorrect state transition, usually when a discrepancy is found.
Surround VoteThe act of a validator voting for two conflicting blockchains or transaction sets in an attempt to split the network or manipulate consensus.
Validator Set ContractA contract that receives the remaining gas fees, distributes BNB daily to delegators and validators, and includes logic for processing gas fees according to the burn ratio.

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Definition

Fraud Proof

Cryptographic evidence submitted by a validator to challenge a transaction's validity or identify an incorrect state transition, usually when a discrepancy is found.

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