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For information and learning only. Not investment advice. Crypto assets involve risk.

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Glossary

Terms50 shown

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)A widely used modern block cipher standard.
Atomicals ProtocolAn open-source system for creating UTXO static or dynamic digital objects on blockchains that adopt the model.
BEP-675Used to adjust the way blocks are constructed to accommodate more transactions without shortening block times or increasing gas costs.
BSDOne of the permissive licenses listed in the text, allowing the work to be copied, modified, and distributed provided that the original developer is credited.
C2CA peer-to-peer trading model in which buyers and sellers can directly select their counterparties, set prices, and arrange transactions without relying on a centralized platform for order matching.
ChatGPTChatGPT is a language processing model developed by OpenAI that can understand and generate human-like text, belonging to the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) series.
Copyleft licensesA type of license that requires modified code distributed externally to remain open under the same license.
Gas limitThe maximum amount of computational work that a single block can accommodate. Increasing it can increase block capacity, but also raises validation and resource requirements.
General Public LicenseA license that permits the unrestricted use, study, copying, sharing, modification, and distribution of a work, while requiring derivative works to be licensed under the same terms.
LibraryA set of documented code, modules, files, or data resources that can be reused in software development.
MITA permissive license cited in the text that permits a work to be copied, modified, and distributed provided that the original developer is credited.
Open-Source Software (OSS)Software whose source code is publicly available and that allows anyone to view, modify, or redistribute it.
Progressive Web Application (PWA)A web application built using modern web technologies and following basic web standards, while providing an experience similar to a native app.
RFQ Trading DeskA trading model in which a professional market maker returns a signed quote each time a trade request is received.
RWARepresenting ownership of off-chain assets such as government bonds, real estate, or commodities in the form of blockchain tokens.
Real-world asset (RWA) tokensTokenized representations of real estate, commodities, government bonds, and other physical or financial assets that can be issued and traded on-chain.
SidechainsAn independent blockchain that runs in parallel to the main chain and connects to it via a bridge, while having its own consensus mechanism and security model.
TradFiUsed to refer to a category of perpetual contracts that track the prices of traditional financial assets such as equities, commodities, and foreign exchange.
TradFi perpetual contractsTracking stocks,ETF commodities or indices, and other traditional financial assets, but without conferring ownership of the underlying assets, are perpetual contracts.
UTXOUTXO Also known as an “unspent transaction output,” it is a model used by Bitcoin and other blockchains to organize and track available transaction value.
UTXO ModelBitcoin’s transaction model, in which each transaction output is an independent unit used as an input in subsequent transactions.
Web2In the current mainstream internet model, users’ data and history are typically stored and controlled by the platforms they use.
client-server modelsA traditional architecture in which data is provided to clients by a centralized server, in contrast to the P2P model, which does not rely on a central host.
closed-source softwareSoftware whose source code is not publicly available and that typically only its creator is authorized to modify or distribute.
permissive licensesA type of permissive license that allows works to be widely copied, modified, and distributed, typically requiring primarily that the original author be credited.
stock-to-flow modelA framework for analyzing scarcity by comparing existing stock with newly added supply, but it cannot reliably predict future prices.
Centralized Finance (CeFi)A financial services model that relies on companies or other intermediaries to custody assets and process transactions.
Optimistic ParallelizationA model that assumes transactions are independent and executes them concurrently, then re-executes the relevant transactions if dependencies or errors are detected.
Transaction nonceA sequential counter assigned to a wallet address on account-model blockchains, used to order transactions and prevent duplicate submissions.
Market makerA market participant willing to buy and sell at prevailing market prices, providing trading opportunities for assets such as stocks, currencies, or commodities.
Cross margin modeA mode that considers the assets and multiple positions in a derivatives account together when calculating margin and liquidation risk.
Shared securityA model in which a new service borrows security from existing staked assets and a trust foundation, without having to build a security system from scratch.
Endogenous variableA variable in an economic model that is determined or changed by other variables within the model and their interactions.
Block-level parallelizationEnables the creation and validation of multiple blocks to occur simultaneously, accommodating more transactions and alleviating network congestion.
Block-level access list (BAL）Records mappings of which accounts and their respective states transactions within a block will access or modify, enabling identification of transactions that can be executed in parallel and accelerating synchronization.
Exogenous variableA variable determined outside the model that can affect the model’s results but is not influenced by the model’s internal dynamics.
Logarithmic RegressionA method used to smooth price fluctuations and model long-term price trends; its underlying assumptions may not continue to hold as the market changes.
SkillA capability module that can be enabled in Binance Ai Pro to support specific tasks such as market research, on-chain analysis, or workflow planning.
Pegged currencyA currency whose value is referenced to another currency, commodity, or basket of currencies, with the aim of reducing fluctuations in its value.
Data pruningThe process by which nodes modify or remove witness data in transaction blocks.
Futures Premium and Spot PremiumA term used to describe the relationship between commodity futures prices and their expected future spot prices; it can serve as a reference for trading, hedging, and arbitrage.
Proof of Authority (PoA)A consensus model in which validators are preselected based on their reputation; the key requirement for becoming a validator is a trusted reputation rather than staked assets.
Modular blockchainA blockchain architecture that separates responsibilities such as execution, settlement, consensus, and data availability across different layers or networks.
model context protocol (MCP)A standard that enables compatible AI tools to interact with external services; Binance Agent OS connects through its endpoints.
Model checkingA method for verifying whether a contract satisfies the expected specifications by examining the states and behavior of a formal model.
Attention mechanismThe attention mechanism is a key component of the Transformer, enabling the model to focus on relevant parts of the input text and capture relationships between words.
Real-World Assets (RWA)Refers to tangible assets with intrinsic value, such as real estate, commodities, and works of art, that can be used on a blockchain after tokenization.
U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC)An independent U.S. government agency responsible for regulating derivatives markets, including futures contracts, options, and swaps.
Unified Margin ModeAllows the use of BTC and other supported assets as collateral for contract trading, but collateral is subject to valuation discounts.
Automated market maker (AMM) modelA trading model that relies on liquidity pools for token swaps and dynamically sets prices based on the proportion of assets in the pool.

Definition

Copyleft licenses

A type of license that requires modified code distributed externally to remain open under the same license.

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