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About BIBIBI Daily Digest Privacy & Account Security

For information and learning only. Not investment advice. Crypto assets involve risk.

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Glossary

Terms23 shown

51% AttackA situation in which malicious actors gain control of most of the network's hash power, potentially threatening blockchain operations.
51% attackAlso known as a majority attack, this refers to an attack in which the attacker controls more than half of the blockchain network’s hashing power and may disrupt consensus, transaction confirmation, or carry out double-spending.
SHA-256 (Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit)Bitcoin uses it to generate transaction ID cryptographic hashes, which output 256-bit hash values.
hash rateA measure of the computational power controlled by miners; its proportion of the network's total hash rate affects the likelihood that selfish mining will succeed and be profitable.
hashingThe one-way process cannot be reverse-decoded to recover the original input.
nonceThe nonce that miners repeatedly adjust in the block header to try to generate a block hash that meets the target requirements.
proof of stake (PoS)A consensus method that does not rely on hash mining, and therefore does not require competition over ASIC mining capacity.
zk-STARKAbbreviation for “Zero-Knowledge Scalable Transparent Argument of Knowledge,” a zero-knowledge proof scheme that requires no trusted setup and is based on collision-resistant hash functions.
Transaction hashTransaction ID Another term for a transaction, generated by processing the transaction details through a hash function.
Previous Block HashThe hash value of the previous block header, used to link adjacent blocks into a chain.
Cryptographic hashA unique identifier generated by hashing block data.
Block HashThe hash calculated from block header data, which can serve as the unique identifier of a candidate block.
HashThe result obtained by calculating data such as blocks. It can be used to reference the preceding block and help determine whether the record has been altered.
Hash functionA cryptographic function that converts inputs such as block data into hash outputs, with results that are difficult to predict in advance.
Hash RateThe number of hash calculations performed per second by a mining machine or the entire network, used to measure the computational performance of mining equipment or the network.
HashingUsing an algorithm to convert data into a fixed-size hash value or message digest, creating a digital fingerprint that facilitates verification.
MiningThe process in which participants in a proof-of-work network organize transactions and search for a block hash that meets the target, earning subsidies and transaction fees from valid blocks.
Mining DifficultyThe computational difficulty set by the network for a valid block hash; Bitcoin adjusts it periodically to maintain an average block time of approximately minutes.
nonceThe counter field that miners repeatedly change when searching for a valid block-header hash.
DifficultyThe amount of work required to mine a block; it is a parameter that adjusts with changes in the network's hash rate.
Difficulty Target (nBits)Encodes the threshold below which the block header hash must fall; network difficulty is derived from this target rather than stored directly.
Merkle treeA data structure that hashes multiple transactions layer by layer, ultimately consolidating them into a Merkle root.
Merkle rootA single hash value derived from all transactions in a block; any change to a transaction will alter it.

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Definition

proof of stake (PoS)

A consensus method that does not rely on hash mining, and therefore does not require competition over ASIC mining capacity.

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