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For information and learning only. Not investment advice. Crypto assets involve risk.

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Glossary

Terms26 shown

51% attackAlso known as a majority attack, this refers to an attack in which the attacker controls more than half of the blockchain network’s hashing power and may disrupt consensus, transaction confirmation, or carry out double-spending.
ApeChainA Layer blockchain network built on Arbitrum and powered by ApeCoin, 3 designed to reduce transaction costs for participants in the Ape ecosystem.
Layer 1The underlying blockchain network that provides final settlement and foundational security for Layer 2.
Layer 1 and Layer 2Layer 1 is a base blockchain network, Layer 2 is a scaling network built on it, which can handle high-frequency activity and reduce usage costs.
Platform tokensAssets used to support blockchain network operations, pay transaction fees, and execute smart contracts.
ValidatorA Validator is a participant that verifies whether transactions and blocks are valid in accordance with blockchain network rules; in PoS, it usually refers to the formal role that assumes responsibility for proposing or confirming blocks through staking.
nodesParticipate in blockchain networks and, when competing chains emerge, tend to follow the chain with more cumulative work.
testnetA network similar to a real blockchain network but separate from it, used to test new code before deployment.
Layer blockchain (L1)The foundational layer of an independent blockchain network.
Nakamoto ConsensusA protocol used by a blockchain network to reach consensus on the state of the blockchain, designed to enable participants to agree on a single, secure version of the blockchain.
MainnetA blockchain network in live operation; going live does not prove that a project is secure or worth investing in.
Consensus algorithmA mechanism that helps different computers in a blockchain network reach agreement on a shared state or fact.
ForkA divergence in a blockchain network caused by a protocol upgrade or differing opinions among nodes about the rules.
Cryptocurrency miningThe process of validating transactions on a blockchain network and adding transaction records to the blockchain ledger.
Native tokenNative tokens provided by the blockchain network itself, such as those on the Ethereum network ETH。
Decentralized finance (DeFi)An ecosystem consisting of decentralized financial applications built on blockchain networks.
Censorship resistanceThe characteristic of a blockchain network whereby valid transactions are difficult for any single party to block, alter, or roll back.
Liquid Staking Token (LST)A cryptocurrency token representing staked assets on a blockchain network.
Private blockchainA blockchain network operated by a single entity, with viewing or writing permissions restricted by established rules.
Consortium blockchainA blockchain network jointly created, managed, and validated by multiple organizations, which can be open or closed according to member requirements.
NodeA computer that participates in a blockchain network, synchronizes data, and verifies related records.
Permissioned blockchainA blockchain network that restricts transaction validators and the parties permitted to interact with ledger information, and is typically controlled by a single centralized entity.
Cross-chain interactionThe process by which users or applications call services, process assets, or obtain data across different blockchain networks.
Cross-Chain BridgeA tool that connects different blockchain networks and supports cross-network token transfers or communication.
Off-chainRefers to transactions or processes that occur outside the main blockchain network, typically recording only the final settlement result on the underlying blockchain.
Permissionless blockchainAn open blockchain network that requires no prior approval, permission, or authorization, allowing anyone to participate in the consensus process.

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Definition

Censorship resistance

The characteristic of a blockchain network whereby valid transactions are difficult for any single party to block, alter, or roll back.

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